Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0-Comprehensive Municipal Waste Management in Indian Cities Program

About this project

As the fifth largest economy in the world, India has a population estimated at 1.41 billion, with an urban component of 498 million growing at 2.3% annually. Waste management is a public health challenge. India generates about 62 million tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) annually. Economic and demographic growth in cities have increased the challenges and complexity of MSW management. Collection rates range from below 50% in small cities to 70%-90% in large cities and 22%-28% of waste is untreated. Uncollected waste is openly burned or pollutes land and waterways, while collected waste may be illegally tipped, or ends up in uncontrolled dumpsites. For sanitation, the first phase of the government's Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) eliminated open defecation among 500 million people, alleviating the acute health risks and preventing pollution of land and water bodies. However, maintaining the open defecation-free (ODF) status is a constant challenge, in terms of behavioral and cultural factors, maintenance of sanitary facilities, and equity of access. With an inadequate infrastructure base, India's urban sector is vulnerable to climate change impacts. Global warming is projected to cause more frequent and extreme floods and landslides, damaging urban infrastructure. Clogged drainage systems from improper disposal of solid waste exacerbate flood and health risks, while natural hazards, such as flooding and earthquakes, increase the waste entering the environment and cha…

Published by

Asian Development Bank · Multilateral

Countries

India

Sectors

Basic sanitationWaste management/disposal

Places

Tamil Nadu, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Assam, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Bihar

Implemented by

Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs

Accountable

Asian Development Bank

Published by Asian Development Bank to the International Aid Transparency Initiative (IATI), last updated 29 Sept 2026 and imported automatically. IATI identifier: XM-DAC-46004-56286-001-TA10234.

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